PostgreSQL - AND and OR Operators

Quiz

The PostgreSQL AND and OR operators are used to combine multiple conditions to narrow down selected data in a PostgreSQL statement. The AND operator is called logical conjunction/conjunctive operator, while OR operator is known as logical disjunction.

These operators provide a means to make multiple comparisons with different operators in the same PostgreSQL statement.

The AND Operator

The AND operator allows the existence of multiple conditions in a PostgreSQL statement's WHERE clause. While using AND operator, complete condition will be assumed true when all the conditions are true. For example [condition1] AND [condition2] will be true only when both condition1 and condition2 are true.

Syntax

The basic syntax of AND operator with WHERE clause is as follows −

SELECT column1, column2, columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE [condition1] AND [condition2]...AND [conditionN];

You can combine N number of conditions using AND operator. For an action to be taken by the PostgreSQL statement, whether it be a transaction or query, all conditions separated by the AND must be TRUE.

Example

Consider the table COMPANY having records as follows −

id	name	age	address	salary
1	Paul	32	California	20000
2	Allen	25	Texas	15000
3	Teddy	23	Norway	20000
4	Mark	25	Rich-Mond	65000
5	David	27	Texas	85000
6	Kim	22	South-Hall	45000
7	James	24	Houston	10000
(7 rows)

Below is the query to get the table records −

testdb# select * from COMPANY;

Now, SELECT statement lists down all the records where AGE is greater than or equal to 25 AND salary is greater than or equal to 65000.00 −

testdb=# SELECT * FROM COMPANY WHERE AGE >= 25 AND SALARY >= 65000;

The above given PostgreSQL statement will produce the following result −

id	name	age	address	salary
4	Mark	25	Rich-Mond	65000
5	David	27	Texas	85000
(2 rows)

The OR Operator

The OR operator is also used to combine multiple conditions in a PostgreSQL statement's WHERE clause. While using OR operator, complete condition will be assumed true when at least any of the conditions is true. For example [condition1] OR [condition2] will be true if either condition1 or condition2 is true.

Syntax

The basic syntax of OR operator with WHERE clause is as follows −

SELECT column1, column2, columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE [condition1] OR [condition2]...OR [conditionN]

You can combine N number of conditions using OR operator. For an action to be taken by the PostgreSQL statement, whether it be a transaction or query, only any ONE of the conditions separated by the OR must be TRUE.

Example

Consider the COMPANY table, having the following records −

select * from COMPANY;

id	name	age	address	salary
1	Paul	32	California	20000
2	Allen	25	Texas	15000
3	Teddy	23	Norway	20000
4	Mark	25	Rich-Mond	65000
5	David	27	Texas	85000
6	Kim	22	South-Hall	45000
7	James	24	Houston	10000
(7 rows)

The following SELECT statement lists down all the records where AGE is greater than or equal to 25 OR salary is greater than or equal to 65000.00 −

testdb=# SELECT * FROM COMPANY WHERE AGE >= 25 OR SALARY >= 65000;

The above given PostgreSQL statement will produce the following result −

id	name	age	address	salary
1	Paul	32	California	20000
2	Allen	25	Texas	15000
4	Mark	25	Rich-Mond	65000
5	David	27	Texas	85000
(4 rows)

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